• All IHC stains will include a positive control tissue

• SOX10has been reported to be highly sensitive (97-100%) for both primary and metastatic melanomas, and is expressed in all subtypes
• SOX10 is more sensitive and specific for desmoplastic melanoma than S100; it can help distinguish melanoma from background scar tissue
• In tumors, it labels melanoma and tumors of neural crest origin such as Schawwn cell tumors, and glial cells
• This marker is also expressed in clear cell sarcomas and peripheral nerve sheath tumors and is absent in angiomyolipomas
• SOX10is present in both luminal and positive tumors include acinic cell, adenoid cystic, epithelial-myoepithelial and myoepithelial, carcinomas and pleomorphic adenomas. In contrast, salivary duct, mucoepidermoid, oncocytic and squamous cell carcinomas are SOX10 negative, as are Warthin tumors
• This marker has been reported in basal like breast cancers
• Rare examples of squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck and pulmonary small cell carcinomas have been reported to stain for this marker
• Pathologists should consider if entrapped non-neoplastic Schwann cells or melanocytes are present before diagnosing a SOX10 positive tumor

Submit a formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded tissue block

Formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissue block

FFPE tissue section mounted on a charged, unstained slide

Ambient (preferred)

• Unlabeled/mislabeled block
• Insufficient tissue
• Slides broken beyond repair

Immunohistochemical staining and microscopic examination

If requested, an interpretive report will be provided

Specifications

• SOX10 is a member of the SOX family of transcription factors involved in regulation of embryonic development and cell fate
• It is expressed in cells of schwannian and melanocytic lineages, and thus is a marker for schwannian and melanocytic tumors of skin and soft tissue
• It is also a useful marker for myoepithelial and basal cell neoplasms

 Staining pattern

• Nuclear staining

References

1. ZHU S et al: Review and Updates of Immunohistochemistry in Selected Salivary Gland and Head and Neck Tumors. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2015;139:55-66).
2. Miettinen M et al: SOX10-A marker for not only schwannian and melanocytic neoplasms but also myoepithelial cell tumors of soft tissue; a systematic analysis of 5134 tumors. Am J Surg Pathol 2015;00:000-000.
3. Ordonez N. Value of SOX10 immunostaining in tumor diagnosis. Adv Anat Pathol. 2013;20:275-283.
4. Ordonez N: Value of melanocytic-associated immunohistochemical markers in the diagnosis of malignant melanoma; a review and update. Hum Pathol 45; 191-205, 2014.