Monitor industrial exposure to thallium

Sterile cup w/ yellow cap, 90mL (LabCorp)

Transfer 5 mL of urine to a Transfer vial/tube with cap - 12mL (LabCorp)

Transfer vial/tube with cap - 12mL (LabCorp)

24-hr urine collection container, no additive

How to collect a 24 hr urine sample

1. Measure and record total urine volume
2. Include the total volume on the request form
3. Mix well
4. Transfer a 5 mL (minimum 1.5 mL) aliquot to a Transfer vial/tube with cap - 12mL (LabCorp)

• Total volume of 24-hour urine collections

Ambient (preferred) - 14 days

Refrigerated (OK) - 14 days

Frozen (OK) - 14 days

Freeze/thaw cycles - stable x3

Inductively-coupled plasma/mass spectrometry (ICP/MS)

Environmental exposure: <0.0 − 1.5 μg/L

Thallium:creatinine ratio: 0.0 − 0.9 μg/g creatinine

Thallium exposure, associated with industrial inhalation and/or dermal absorption of metallic thallium or thallium salts, may cause albuminuria, sensory changes, polyneuritis, speech disturbances, weakness, and visual impairment. Ingestion of soluble thallium salts is characterized by colic, nausea, vomiting, tremors, and paralysis. Thallium compounds are employed in semiconductor research, optical systems, and photoelectric cells. Thallium salts are also used as insecticides and rodenticides. Poisoning from occupational exposure to thallium can occur in the manufacture of optical instruments, rodenticides, dyes, and certain alloys. Environmental exposure may follow emissions from smelters, cement plants, and coal-fired plants.

Medical necessity