Dk green heparin (Li or Na), no gel
Immediately following collection, mix sample by inverting 5 - 10 times to prevent clotting.
Refrigerated (preferred)
Ambient (OK) - 3 days
Frozen (OK)
Gel-barrier tubes are not recommended
Liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS-MS)
Codeine: 10 - 100 ng/mL
Morphine: 21 - 65 ng/mL
Hydrocodone: 10 - 100 ng/mL
Hydromorphone: 1 - 30 ng/mL
Dihydrocodeine: Not established
Oxycodone: 10 - 100 ng/mL
Oxymorphone: 1 - 8 ng/mL