Glutamine synthetase by IHC-12376 - Technical only, 12379 - Technical & interpretation

Test info

  
Glutamine synthetase by IHC
  
12376 - Technical only, 12379 - Technical & interpretation
  
LAB12376
LAB12379
  
GS
  

All IHC stains will include a positive control tissue

  
  • In normal liver, GS is present in the centrilobular regions of the liver, usually around the central veins
  • In FNH of the liver, GS is present in large groups of hepatocytes, in an anastomosing pattern, typically around hepatic veins (referred to as a geographic or "map-like" pattern)
  • HA show no staining, focal staining of hepatocytes around central veins, or patchy staining at the periphery (non-uniform and non-intense)
  • Diffuse GS staining is seen in 13-70% of early hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC)
  • High-grade dysplastic nodules (HGDN) are either GS negative, or show patchy positive staining for GS

Specimen

  
Tissue
  

Submit a formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue

  

Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue block

  

FFPE tissue section mounted on a charged, unstained slide

  

Ambient (preferred)

  
  • Unlabeled/mislabeled block
  • Insufficient tissue
  • Slides broken beyond repair

Performance

  
AHL - Immunohistochemistry
  
Mo - Fr
  
1 - 2 days
  

Immunohistochemical staining and microscopic examination

Clinical and Interpretive info

  

If requested, an interpretive report will be provided

  

Specifications

  • Glutamine synthetase (GS) is an enzyme that converts glutamate and ammonia to glutamine
  • GS can be used in a panel with serum amyloid A and beta catenin to help differentiate between hepatic adenomas (HA) and focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH)

Staining pattern

  • Strong cytoplasmic staining

References

  1. Shafizadeh N et al: Diagnosis of well-differentiated hepatocellular lesions: role of immunohistochemistry and other ancillary techniques. Adv Anat Pathol 2011;18:438-445).
  2. Joseph NM et al: Diagnostic utility and limitations of glutamine synthetase and serum amyloid-associated protein immunohistochemistry in the distinction of focal nodular hyperplasia and inflammatory hepatocellular adenoma. Modern Pathology (2014) 27, 62-72; doi:10.1038/modpathol.2013.114.

Billing

  
88342 - 1st stain
88341 - each additional stain

Tracking

  
07/03/2017
  
10/18/2018
  
01/12/2024