• All IHC stains will include a positive control tissue

• The primary use for this antibody is in identifying the accumulation of AAT granules in alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency of the liver
• AAT is a very useful marker in the work-up of alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency, since although it is synthesized by the liver in this disease, it is not released into the circulation (thus, the serum is deficient)
• This antibody is also useful in identifying tumors which can make this protein, such as liver neoplasms, endodermal sinus tumors, and for histiocytic related tumors
• AAT is expressed in liver related proliferations as follows: focal nodular hyperplasia (56%), liver cell adenoma (68%) and hepatoma (89%)

Submit a formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded tissue block

Formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded (FFPE) tisue block

Tissue section mounted on a charged, unstained slide

Ambient (preferred)

• Unlabeled/mislabeled
• Insufficient tissue
• Slides broken beyond repair

Immunohistochemical staining and microscopic examination

If requested, an interpretive report will be provided

Specifications

• AAT is a glycoprotein that represents a major component of the alpha-1-globulin serum fraction (90%)
• AAT is found in serum, as well as in other bodily fluids such as lymphatics, mucus, saliva, synovial fluid, GI secretions, semen, amniotic fluid and colostrum
• The embryonal yolk sac is the initial site of AAT production
• Although AAT is predominately made in the liver, it is also produced in histiocytes and monocytes

Staining patterns

• Granular based cytoplasmic activity
• In alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency, the staining appears as large globules, particularly around the periphery of hepatocytes

References

1. Palmer, P.E. et al; Am J Surg Pathol 2:275-281, 1978.